How Cars Work By Tom Newton Pdf -

The engine consists of:

Newton starts with the engine, describing it as an “air pump” that converts fuel into motion. The core process is the four-stroke cycle (intake, compression, power, exhaust). He explains that pistons move up and down inside cylinders, turning the linear motion into rotational force (torque) via the crankshaft. Critical components like spark plugs, valves, and the timing belt are introduced with clear analogies—for example, comparing valves to a door that opens and closes at precise moments. how cars work by tom newton pdf