(traditionalist/salafi) understanding of the Divine attributes, it is also a point of heavy debate: The Authenticity of the Chain:
: If only one term is mentioned (e.g., "Allah loves the believers"), it encompasses both inner belief and outward actions.
(faith) and whether physical actions/works are considered an essential part of its definition, a major point of debate between the Ahl al-Hadith Degrees of Kufr (Disbelief): The text explains that
Ibn Abi al-Izz cites early scholars like Imam Abu Hanifa to clarify that believing Allah is above the heavens is part of the original Fitrah (natural inclination) of a believer.